Screenings
Childhood screening windows, birth to 18
When each check matters, why, and what missing the window costs. These windows exist whether or not anyone reminds you.
No account · no tracking of what you’ve done
Birth
before discharge
Newborn hearing screen
Why: language is built on hearing in the first months. If missed: undetected loss delays speech before anyone notices — the 1-3-6 rule (screen by 1 mo, diagnose by 3, intervene by 6) exists because late starts are hard to make up.
EHDI / AAP · universal newborn screening
9–30 mo
3 checkpoints
Developmental screening (9, 18, 30 mo) + autism-specific at 18 & 24 mo
Why: intervention works best before 3, while the brain is most plastic. If missed: the average autism diagnosis in the US still lands past age 4 — years after signs were visible at 18 mo.
AAP periodicity schedule · M-CHAT-R at 18/24 mo
3–5 y
yearly
Vision — visual acuity from age 3–4
Why: amblyopia (“lazy eye”) is largely reversible while the visual brain is still wiring — mostly before ~7. If missed: after the window, glasses correct the eye but not the brain; the lost acuity is permanent. A child never reports blur — she thinks everyone sees this way.
AAP / USPSTF · acuity screening from 3 y
3 y +
yearly at visits
Blood pressure
Why: pediatric hypertension is silent and rising with obesity. If missed: years of unnoticed elevation show up later as organ strain that was preventable.
AAP · annual BP from 3 y
4–6 y
window
Hearing — pure-tone audiometry becomes reliable
Why: mild loss that passed the newborn screen surfaces here. If missed: it reads as “doesn’t listen” or “doesn’t pay attention” in kindergarten.
AAP · audiometry at 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 y
10–15 y
growth spurt
Scoliosis — during the pubertal growth spurt
Why: curves progress fastest exactly when growth is fastest; bracing works only while growing. If missed: a curve found after the spurt may already be past the bracing window — surgery becomes the remaining option.
SRS/AAOS · girls ~10 & 12, boys ~13–14
These windows come from published paediatric guidance, cited on each row — not computed from a bundled reference table the way the percentiles are.